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Zakharov V. M. and Rozenberg G. S. – Ecology and sustainable development: a regional context.
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Twenty years of sustainable development of the Samara region. – Rozenberg G. S. and Khasaev G. R. – Various aspects of sustainable development of the Samara region are discussed. The dynamics of several indicators of sustainable development is given. Some directions of further activities to achieve sustainable development of the territory are suggested.
Key words: sustainable development, Samara region, indicators, biosphere reserve.
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Plant diversity conservation as a component of the regional sustainable development strategy of the Samara region. – Kavelenova L. M., Prokhorova N. V., Golovlyov A. A., and Rozno S. A. – Features of the distribution of the Magnoliophyta species listed in the Samara Regional Red book are presented for various parts of the region. In view of these regional features, some directions of the conservation strategy for valuable plant diversity components and some specific ways of its implementation are proposed.
Key words: plant diversity conservation, Magnoliophytà, Red book, conservation strategy.
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Biological diversity conservation as a goal of sustainable development: the contribution of syntaxonomy (with Bashkortostan Republic as an example). – Mirkin B. M., Martinenko V. B., Yamalov S. M., Muldashev A. A., Baisheva E. Z., Naumova L. G., Shirokih P. S., and Baianov A. V. – The syntaxonomic diversity of the Bashkortostan Republic vegetation is known enough and includes 36 classes and 320 associations. A criteria system for estimation of the natural conservation value of plant communities is discussed. Its usage is illustrated on five vegetation classes (Querco-Fagetea, Brachypodio-Betuletea, Vaccinio-Piceetea, Festuco-Brometea, and Molinio-Arrhenatheretea) as examples. The necessity to organize new natural conservation territories is substantiated.
Key words: syntaxonomy, diversity, vegetation class.
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Higher syntaxa variety of the inland vegetation of strongly salted soils of Southern Russia and adjacent territories within the framework of sustainable development and biodiversity preservation. – Rukhlenko I. A. – In connection with the expected global climate changes, one of the main problems of sustainable development may be changes of the saline soil areas. Therefore, studying of the existing variety of halophytic vegetation communities is an urgent issue. The paper briefly describes the surveyed vegetation variety of some strongly salted soils in Southern Russia and adjacent territories within the framework of the Braun–Blanquet classification system.
Key words: saline soils territories, halophytic plant communities, Braun–Blanquet approach.
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Red Book of the Volga basin in implementing the principles of sustainable development. – Senator S. A. and Saksonov S. V. – On the basis of our analysis of international and national principles of sustainable development and the current Russian environmental legislation, the necessity to design Basin Red Data books as an effective mechanism for biological diversity conservation is justified with the Volga basin as an example.
Key words: Red Data book, biological diversity protection, sustainable development, Volga basin.
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Biodiversity condition estimation and health of environment. – Zakharov V. M. – The study is aimed at evaluating possible approaches to assess the biodiversity condition and the health of the environment. As a result, background monitoring is characterized as a priority direction of the contemporary research. Evaluation of the background condition of biological systems and its possible alteration from the conditional norm; assessment of consequences of the initial changes revealed as well as a study of homeostatic mechanisms at various levels, from changes in an organism’s status to alterations in population parameters and community structure and their dynamics are identified as main tasks of such a research.
Key words: biodiversity, health of environment, developmental stability, climate change, anthropogenic impact.
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Environment health assessment by the developmental stability of model species (with a particular reference to burying beetles). – Trofimov I. E. – A study was made of alterations of some developmental stability indices under the impact of various kinds of human activity in natural populations of two model burying beetle species to assess the applicability of this approach to monitoring the population status and to characterize the health of the environment.
Key words: developmental stability, fluctuating asymmetry, health of environment, burying beetles.
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Environmental aspects of natural resource management in industrial centers of the Republic of Bashkortostan. – Kulagin A. Yu. and Tagirova O. V. – The usage of natural resources in the conditions of an industrial center to achieve a socio-ecological effect takes into account the non-uniform distribution of forest plantations on the territory of separate areas and a differentiated approach to substantiating and conducting environmental activities. Electronic skeleton maps of the administrative districts of the Ufa City with the indication of industrial enterprises, pilot plots, and the state of life quality of wood vegetations provide correct monitoring of the status of forest stands.
Key words: natural resources, industrial centre, forest plantations, electronic skeleton maps.
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Biological structure and dynamics of the aquatic-ground ecotones of the upper zone of the Volgograd reservoir. – Shliakhtin G. V., Beliachenko A. V., Mosolova E. Yu., and Tabachishin V. G. – Two ecotone types (highly dynamic ecosystems) were resolved in the upper zone of the Volgograd reservoir from 1975 till now, namely, with non-regulated and regulated hydrological regimes. Their functioning is determined by seasonal and perennial oscillations of the water level and the hydropower station exploitation. The vertebrate community structure heavily varies in ecotones of different types and changes with seasons to a great extent. Such changes in the composition of the ground vertebrate complexes are caused by natural processes leading to subsequent changes of the food richness of the land and changes in its protective properties. The ecotones are unstable systems under the conditions of the Volga basin but act as refugia of the biological diversity of flood-land ecosystems under extremal conditions.
Key words: vertebrates, dynamics, ecotone, Volgograd reservoir.
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Ecological condition of reservoirs near the chemical weapon destruction object (Gornyi town, Saratov region). – Voronin M. Yu., Tanaylova E. A., Polukhina N. V., Grischenko K. G., Kozulin V. V., and Bulanova A. A. – A complex estimation of the status of reservoirs over the chemistry weapon destruction area near the Gornyi town (Saratov region) was performed. Cythopathological deviations and a high frequency of micronucleus in the erythrocytes of fishes are observed. Macrozoobenthos parameters in the surveyed area show a poor water quality over the sanitarian-protective area.
Key words: chemical weapon, biotesting, macrozoobenthos, cytogenetic analysis, genotoxic.
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Mass seaweed development in the Volga reservoirs when shortage of water. – Selezneva A. V., Seleznev V. A., and Bespalova K. V. – The results of our monitoring of water quality in the Volga River (the Saratov reservoir) under the 2010 abnormal weather conditions are presented. Temperature increasing and decreased water expenses have been found to promote an enhanced efficiency of algae and water deterioration. The anthropogenic reservoir eutrophication problem will be aggravated in the conditions of global climate warming.
Key words: anthropogenic eutrophication. reservoir, shallow-water years.
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Stability of macrozoobenthos communities in the water reservoir-cooler of the Balakovo NPS. – Voronin M. Yu. and Yermokhin M. V. – The stability of macrozoobenthos communities is compared in several thermal zones of the water reservoir-cooler of the Balakovo NPS and water bodies with a natural thermal regime. Natural thermal conditions and the zone with moderate water heating are shown to be more propitious for macrozoobenthos development.
Key words: macrozoobenthos, stability, reservoir-cooler, Saratov region.
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Age-sex pyramids and sustainable development (reflections on Gunnar Heinsohn’s book). – Rozenberg G. S. – The notions of «youth bulge», demographic «failure», and the index of the priority of the youth (IPY) proposed by G. Heinsohn are discussed. IPY in the territories of the Volga basin is estimated. A conclusion about the possibility to use this indicator as one of the sustainable development indices is made.
Key words: sustainable development, age-sex pyramid, «youth bulge», propensity to violence.
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REGION expert system for assessment of changes in the conditions of socio-ecological-economic systems of the Volga river basin. – Kostina N. V. – An estimation of the administrative units of the Volga basin territory is given on the basis of 12 socio-ecological-economic indicators. Zones of the «best» and «worst» conditions are resolved.
Key words: expert system, Volga river basin, correlation analysis.
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A prognostic model of the anthropogenic component influence on the primary productivity of terrestrial ecosystems of the Volga basin. – Kuznetsova R. S. – Prognoses have been made for 2030 with the use of the REGION environmental information system in view of the anthropogenic component. A conclusion is made of the emissions to the atmosphere having no significant impact on the reduction of productivity of terrestrial ecosystems
Key words: environmental information system, forecasting, anthropogenic component, climate change.
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Development of ecological-economical systems within a control paradigm. – Olshansky A. M. and Shimanchik I. P. – A structural scheme and approaches to constructing a mathematical model of the ecological and transformation subsystems of an ecological-economical system in view of features of its behavior and further control impacts are given.
Key words: ecological-economical system, management.
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Ecological characteristics of the Volga (Privolzhsky) Federal District (Russian Federation) on the basis of generalized desirability function. – Gelashvili D. B., Snegireva M. S., Solntsev L. A., and Zaznobina N. I. – An algorithm of application of the generalized desirability function considered as the geometric weighed average for comparative analysis of different-scale objects by indicators of various dimensions is verified. Its application for the calculation of the generalized desirability function as weight factors of pollutant danger classes allowed us to improve the discrimination degree of the indicators compared. Our algorithm has been applied to analysis of the environmental situation by pollution indicators of environmental objects in the regions of the Volga (Privolzhsky) Federal District within the concept of sustainable development.
Key words: sustainable development, generalized desirability function, assessment of ecological situation, Volga (Privolzhsky) Federal District.
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Evaluation of ecosystem services for the territory of Samara region. – Rozenberg A. G. – The paper discusses our evaluation of ecosystem services in the Samara region according to Robert Costanza’s algorithm. Regression models of the dependence of this estimate on various anthropogenic factors were built. Some management options of ecosystem services to promote higher investment appeals of the region are considered.
Key words: ecosystem services, Samara region, forecasting, anthropogenic factors, management.
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Ural-Volga region: natural potential of its territories and environmental risks in the sphere of tourism. – Serova O. V. and Kulagina A. F. – A comparative analysis of the natural-resource potential and environmental risks of seven subjects of the Ural-Volga region (Russian Federation), namely: Republic of Bashkortostan, Tatarstan, Udmurtia, Sverdlovsk, Chelyabinsk, Orenburg Regions, and Perm Territory was carried out. A methodology of integrated assessment of the tourist and recreational potential has been tested. It is shown that the status of natural areas in the Republic of Bashkortostan allows us to promote «natural» tourism.
Key words: tourism, region, tourist and recreational potential, environmental risk.
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Ecological substantiation of the year-round use of the landscape-natural complex of the «Metallurgist – Magnitogorsk» mountain skiing center. – Kulagin A. À. – The possibility of the year-round use of the ski centre as an object of service is shown. Under an ecologically correct load on the natural environment in the spring-summer and summer-autumn periods, favorable conditions are formed under which affected territories will recover.
Key words: management of natural resources, landscape, resource and recreational potential, ski centre.
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Preventive measures against occupational (industrial) diseases of workers under hazardous work conditions to support sustainable development. – Semina E. V. and Rozentsvet O. A. – The results of periodic medical examinations and supplementary prophylactic medical examinations of workers in Togliatti Transformator Ltd. under hazardous work conditions from 2009 till 2011 were analyzed. This preventive measure being efficient is shown. It has been established that the results of periodical medical examinations help resolving healthy groups and groups for regular medical check-up. A program of health-improving and preventive measures to support sustainable development has been outlined.
Key words: periodical medical examination, hazardous work conditions, supplementary prophylactic medical examination, sustainable development.
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Regional seminar: «Volga river basin: its status and perspectives of sustained development». – Zakharov V. M. and Rozenberg G. S.
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